{"id":4306,"date":"2025-05-14T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-05-14T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/?page_id=4306"},"modified":"2026-08-28T16:26:59","modified_gmt":"2026-08-28T20:26:59","slug":"biographies","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/biographies\/","title":{"rendered":"Biographies"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The men and women profiled here believed that creating educational opportunities for future generations of free African Americans was critical to Black citizenship, economic stability, and self-respect. &nbsp;Although each of these individuals has a link to the Rochester 1853 convention, their biographies tell a deeper story of how they fought for educational opportunity and how their life experiences shaped their position on the manual labor school issue. Several individuals here, for example, have links to Oberlin College, an institution of higher learning established on the manual labor school model and open to all, regardless of race or gender. Learn about the backgrounds of the three delegates\u2014Charles Langston, Charles Reason, and George Vashon\u2014who served on the Committee for Manual Labor School. Dig deeper into the lives of Black women intellectuals, such as Susan Paul Smith and Lucie Stanton Day Sessions, who pursued their education against the odds and went on to write, teach, and advocate on behalf of educational justice.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chart: Life Maps of Key Delegates and Associated Women<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-archivo-font-family wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-style:italic;font-weight:300\">\u00bb In the chart below, click on a name to view their biography page in this exhibit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<!-- iframe plugin v.6.0 wordpress.org\/plugins\/iframe\/ -->\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Life Maps of Key Delegates and Associated Women\" style=\"overflow-y: hidden;\" src=\"https:\/\/magic.piktochart.com\/embed\/18774397-manual-labortimelinebiography\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"100%\" height=\"850\" class=\"iframe-class\"><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Biographies<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-archivo-font-family wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-style:italic;font-weight:300\">\u00bb To navigate through biographies, click links below or use the drop-down menu in the left sidebar to learn more about intellectuals, education activists, and delegates connected to the 1853 National Colored Convention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1bec8f52 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/biographies\/peter-h-clark\/\">Peter H. Clark<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/biographies\/william-howard-day\/\">William Howard Day<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/biographies\/amos-noe-freeman\/\">Amos Noe Freeman<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/biographies\/prior-foster\/\">Prior Foster<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/biographies\/milton-m-holland\/\">Milton M. Holland<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/biographies\/charles-h-langston\/\">Charles H. Langston<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/biographies\/mary-leary-langston\/\">Mary Leary Langston<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/biographies\/caroline-richards-morel\/\">Caroline Richards Morel<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/biographies\/junius-c-morel\/\">Junius C. Morel<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/biographies\/charles-lewis-reason\/\">Charles Lewis Reason<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/biographies\/clorice-e-reason\/\">Clorice E. Reason<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/biographies\/lucie-stanton-day-sessions\/\">Lucie Stanton Day Sessions<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/biographies\/susan-paul-smith\/\">Susan Paul Smith<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/biographies\/barbara-ann-steward\/\">Barbara Ann Steward<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/biographies\/frances-a-williams\/\">Frances A. Williams<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/biographies\/george-b-vashon\/\">George B. Vashon<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:25px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The men and women profiled here believed that creating educational opportunities for future generations of free African Americans was critical to Black citizenship, economic stability, and self-respect. &nbsp;Although each of these individuals has a link to the Rochester 1853 convention, their biographies tell a deeper story of how they fought for educational opportunity and how [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":3052,"parent":0,"menu_order":6,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4306","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4306","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4306"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4306\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4662,"href":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4306\/revisions\/4662"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3052"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/women-higher-education\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4306"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}