{"id":29,"date":"2025-05-14T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-05-14T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/african-free-schools\/?page_id=29"},"modified":"2026-08-22T22:47:23","modified_gmt":"2026-08-22T22:47:23","slug":"black-wealth","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/black-wealth\/","title":{"rendered":"Home"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignfull is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-c476228b wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover is-light\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"406\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-4432 size-full\" alt=\"Black and white photograph of the interior of a pharmacy\" src=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/black-wealth\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2026\/07\/Charles-Fraser-Sarah-Loguen-Frasers-Pharmacy-Puerto-Plata-Dominican-Republic-crop.png\" style=\"object-position:79% 92%\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" data-object-position=\"79% 92%\" srcset=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/black-wealth\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2026\/07\/Charles-Fraser-Sarah-Loguen-Frasers-Pharmacy-Puerto-Plata-Dominican-Republic-crop.png 750w, https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/black-wealth\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2026\/07\/Charles-Fraser-Sarah-Loguen-Frasers-Pharmacy-Puerto-Plata-Dominican-Republic-crop-300x162.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-black-background-color has-background-dim-20 has-background-dim\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n<div style=\"height:200px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-305dfc22 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background-color:#121212e0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1\" style=\"font-size:clamp(22.041px, 1.378rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 1.369), 36px);\"><strong>Prosperity and Politics: Taking Stock of Black Wealth and the 1843 Convention<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2 wp-block-paragraph\">By 1843, free and fugitive Black delegates and attendees had gathered at national colored citizens conventions for over a decade to organize for social, political, educational, and labor rights. On August 15, fifty-eight delegates and a lively audience convened at Park Presbyterian Church in Buffalo, New York to consider \u201ctheir moral and political condition as American citizens.\u201d Undoubtedly, the 1843 National Colored Convention is best known for the Black reverend and activist, Henry Highland Garnet\u2019s speech, \u201cAddress to the Slaves of the United States\u201d and the heated debates about slave insurrection that ensued.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-35f06ea7 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-align-center wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/black-wealth\/\">Explore Exhibit<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:15px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-676bb0ec wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Credits<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Curator:<\/strong>&nbsp;Sarah Patterson, PhD candidate in English and Co-Coordinator, the Colored Conventions Project.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Undergraduate Researchers:<\/strong>&nbsp;Nathan Nikolic, Gwen Meredith, Caleb Trotter, Gerti Wilson, and Ariana Woodson.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Additional contributions:<\/strong>&nbsp;Exhibit Migration 2025-2026 by Christiana Dillard, University of Pennsylvania; Eunice Toh, Penn State University; and Lauren Cooper, Penn State University.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cover image&nbsp;<\/strong>Dr. Charles Fraser and Dr. Sarah Loguen-Fraser\u2019s pharmacy in Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic. Photo courtesy of Department of Historical Collections, Health Sciences Library, SUNY Upstate Medical Library.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Special thanks<\/strong>&nbsp;to Gale, a Cengage Company, and Accessible Archives Inc.\u00ae for granting permission for the use of the materials from&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gale.com\/product-catalog\/225178\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">19th Century U.S. Newspaper<\/a><\/em>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/coherentdigital.net\/products\/history-commons\/anco\">African American Newspapers<\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:15px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Credits Curator:&nbsp;Sarah Patterson, PhD candidate in English and Co-Coordinator, the Colored Conventions Project. Undergraduate Researchers:&nbsp;Nathan Nikolic, Gwen Meredith, Caleb Trotter, Gerti Wilson, and Ariana Woodson. Additional contributions:&nbsp;Exhibit Migration 2025-2026 by Christiana Dillard, University of Pennsylvania; Eunice Toh, Penn State University; and Lauren Cooper, Penn State University. Cover image&nbsp;Dr. Charles Fraser and Dr. Sarah Loguen-Fraser\u2019s pharmacy [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":3091,"parent":0,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-no-title","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-29","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/black-wealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/black-wealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/black-wealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/black-wealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/black-wealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29"}],"version-history":[{"count":49,"href":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/black-wealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4548,"href":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/black-wealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29\/revisions\/4548"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/black-wealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3091"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/coloredconventions.org\/black-wealth\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}